Creating+America+chapter+26+Textbook+questions+and+answers

– he opposed government relief and ordered the attack on the Bonus army FDR’s reputation suffered because people thought he was interfering with the constitution’s system of checks and balances.
 * 2 page 733**
 * Stock Market crash
 * Banks failed
 * Businesses sold less and laid off workers
 * Massive unemployment
 * 3a page 733**
 * Weaknesses of the economy during 1920s:
 * Struggling industries
 * Low wages
 * Decrease in foreign trade
 * Rising debt
 * Stock market crash
 * Increase in unemployment
 * Large earnings and wealth gap between rich and poor
 * Decline in consumer spending
 * Reliance on credit
 * International depression
 * 3b page 733**
 * Buying stocks on margin led to the stock market crash
 * Investors borrowed to buy stocks
 * Brokers borrowed from banks
 * Many investors sold stocks and prices fell
 * Brokers demanded repayment of loans
 * Investors who bought on margin were forced to sell stocks
 * Loans defaulted
 * 3c page 733**
 * Hoover was unpopular because
 * 4 page 733**
 * Herbert Hoovers view of the Federal Government differed from most Americans
 * Hoover felt the Federal Government should not provide any kind of relief as hand outs should be conducted by charities
 * Hoover believed that giving business’ tax breaks would leave them more money to hire more workers
 * Hoover’s views were very different from most Americans who were suffering from the economic downturn
 * 2 page 738**
 * * **Program**
 * **Goal**
 * FERA
 * Relief
 * PWA
 * Relief
 * AAA
 * Recovery
 * TVA
 * Recovery
 * CCC
 * Relief and reform
 * FDIC
 * REFORM
 * NRA
 * RECOVERY AND REFORM
 * WPA
 * RELIEF
 * REA
 * RECOVERY
 * NYA
 * RELIEF
 * WAGNER ACT
 * REFORM
 * SOCIAL SECURITY
 * RELIEF AND REFORM
 * All created jobs: PWA, CCC, WPA, NYA ||  ||
 * Page 738 3a**
 * Roosevelt gave Americans hope by:
 * Immediate action to end the depression
 * Inspiring speeches
 * Page 738 3b**
 * Events during the Hundred Days
 * FDR proposed legislation for relief, recovery and reform
 * Congress passed most proposals with little debate
 * Page 738 3c**
 * Consequences of Roosevelt trying to increase the size of the Supreme Court:
 * The bill failed
 * Page 738 3a**
 * Roosevelt gave Americans hope by:
 * Immediate action to end the depression
 * Inspiring speeches
 * Page 738 3b**
 * Events during the Hundred Days
 * FDR proposed legislation for relief, recovery and reform
 * Congress passed most proposals with little debate
 * Page 738 3c**
 * Consequences of Roosevelt trying to increase the size of the Supreme Court:
 * The bill failed
 * The bill failed
 * Page 738 #4**
 * Reasons people criticized Roosevelt:
 * For increasing the size of the government
 * The high cost of new programs
 * Activist public policies like changing the number of Supreme Court justices
 * Some thought the New Deal did not go far enough

– Unemployment – Hunger – Homelessness – Children left home to find work – Many Americans never recovered from fear of losing their jobs and property – High government spending to pay the expenses associated with WWII – political parties still disagree about who should be responsible for certain government programs such as welfare, health insurance, Social Security, etc.
 * __#2 page 743__**
 * **Using graphics**:
 * **Dust Bowl**: dust storms, ruined farms, migrants, lack of jobs
 * **Family Life**: unemployment, hunger, bread lines, homelessness
 * **Art**: portrayed hard times, escapist art, movies for recreation
 * **Labor Unions**: growing strength of unions, sit down strikes
 * __p,. 743 3a__**
 * Storms in the Dust Bowl contributed to economic problems because:
 * Storms blew the soil away and ruined crops
 * Many farmers lost jobs and farms and could not work
 * __p,. 743 3b__**
 * Effect of Depression on families:
 * __p,. 743 3c__**
 * Eleanor Roosevelt helped her husband she traveled the country to see how people and the programs meant to help them were doing
 * She reported back to her husband in a way his advisers never would or could
 * __# 4 page 743__**
 * __Positive results__ :
 * New deal help for the poor many of whom were minorities
 * __Negative results__:
 * No support for civil rights
 * New Deal programs left us in debt
 * No anti lynching laws
 * Discrimination in jobs
 * Deportation
 * __p. 730 chart #1,2__**
 * **Individuals were affected by loss of farm income, the gap between the rich and the poor, consumer**
 * **Business were affected by the decline in the level of exports, gap between the rich and the poor and consumer debt which was too high**
 * __p.732 Chart #1,2__**
 * The 1930s was a depression and not a recession because it was much longer than a recession, the economy not only stopped growing but actually lost value, unemployment was higher, international trade declined dramatically
 * A depression in the united States is more severe and more affective to other countries because the United stated is a much larger
 * __Picture question #1, 737__**
 * The PWA and CCC helped both those who were hired and the nation as a whole because they provided jobs for individuals; they built public works and panted trees to benefit the nation
 * __Picture question page 737 #2__**
 * The second New Deal helped both young and old workers. The NYA helped provide jobs and education for the young; Social Security offered pensions to the old
 * __Reading history page 738__**
 * Roosevelt’s attempt to pack the courts failed to pass and more people began to criticize him
 * __Picture question page 740__**
 * States which suffered the most damage from the Dust Bowl: Kansas, Colorado, New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma
 * The highways most people used to escape the Dust Bowl were Highway 30 which led to Oregon and **Highway66 which led to California**
 * __Page 749 #2__**
 * Legacy of the Depression and New Deal:
 * A national pension system
 * Agricultural price supports
 * Protection for savings
 * Regulation of the stock market
 * Politics today is affected by the liberal-conservative split and concern over the future of Social Security
 * __p. 749 3a__**
 * The psychological impact of the Depression on Americans:
 * __p. 749 3b__**
 * The united States finally recovered from the depression due to
 * __p. 749 3c__**
 * Political differences date back to the Depression because
 * __# 4 page 749__**
 * Which New Deal program affects your life the most

__P 750 Review Question #2__
 * __P 750 Review Question #1__**
 * Stock prices fell so quickly during the stock market crash because
 * once prices began to fall, people rushed to sell stocks before values fell too low to pay off loans borrowed to buy the stocks.
 * Falling prices scared off buyers and more sellers than buyers, prices continued to fall
 * Hoover thought that private charities should help the needy
 * __P 750 Review Question #3__**
 * Hoover’s attack on the Bonus Army affected the election of 1932 because people blamed Hoover who grew even more unpopular and lost the election
 * __P 750 Review Question #4__**
 * The Brain Trust was a group of college professors and economists who advised FDR on how to end the Depression
 * __P 750 Review Question #5__**
 * The Fire side chats were radio talks given by Roosevelt in which he explained his polices to the nation in a warm and friendly style that calmed fears
 * __P 750 Review Question #6__**
 * Roosevelt did not propose many new programs during his second term because he was afraid to commit to deficit spending as some economists advised,
 * He had also received much criticism for his current, expensive policies aimed at getting the nation back to work.
 * __P 750 Review Question #7__**
 * Writers and filmmakers portrayed people struggling to survive and some created escapist works (especially Hollywood )
 * __P 750 Review Question #8__**
 * The sit down strike was Labor’s new bargaining tactic, in which workers did not walk off their jobs but instead just occupied the factory.
 * It was highly successful
 * __P 750 Review Question #9__**
 * The New Deal changed the role of Federal Government in the life of Americans because
 * The federal government became directly responsible for people’s well being in a way it never had before
 * __P 750 Review Question #10__**
 * Social Security remains a very popular New Deal Program even though it is in financial trouble. As the Baby Boomers retire (born 1945-1960), the need for payments will increase but the number of people paying into the system will decrease