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= = =Dwight D. Eisenhower= = = Dwight D. Eisenhower was the 34th president of the United State from 1953 until 1961. Prior to that he was afive-star general in the United State Army. During World War II, he served as Supremme Commander of the Allied Forces in Europe; he had responsibility for planning and supervising the invasion of North Africa in Operation Torch in 1942–43 and the successful invasion of France and Germany in 1944–45, from the Western Front. In 1951, he became the first supremme commader of NATO. Eisenhower was of Pennsylvania Dutch ancestry, and was reared in a large family in Kansas.As one of five sons, he was conditioned by a competitive atmosphere requiring self-reliance. He was admitted to, and graduated from, West Point, and later was married with two sons. After World War II Eisenhower served as Chief of Staff under President Harry S.Truman, then assumed the post of President at Columbia University. Eisenhower entered the 1952 presidential race as a Republican, to counter the non-interventionism of Senator Robert A. Taft, and to crusade against "Communism, Korea and corruption." He won by a landslide, defeating Democrat Adlai Stevenson and ending two decades of the New Deal Coalition. In the first year of his presidency Eisenhower deposed the leader of Iran in the1053 Iranian Coup, and used nuclear threats to conclude the Korean War with China.His New Look policy of nuclear weapons gave priority to inexpensive nuclear weapons while reducing the funding for the other military forces; the goal was to keep pressure on the Soviet Union and reduce federal deficits.